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UCLA Scientists Develop New Therapeutics that Could Accelerate Wound Healing

By Guest PostFebruary 27, 2013Healthaccelerate, acidic conditions, advertisement, antibiotic creams, bandages, basic, bfgf, bind heparin, biologist hugo armelin, bone regeneration, caitlin decker, chronic wounds, complex sugar, darice wong, dermatologist, diabetes, embryonic development, fibroblast growth factor, growth, growth factor, healing process, heather maynard, jenny kim, lloyd miller, motivation, natural biomolecules, naturally occurring, nervous system, new blood vessels, new cells, new therapeutics, nutrients, p sscopegma, pituitary gland, polymer, signaling molecule, stem cell renewal, structure of heparin, sung hye kim, thi nguyen, tissue regeneration, treat skin wounds, wound healing, wound healing ointments

In “before” and “after” photos from advertisements for wound-healing ointments, bandages and antibiotic creams, we see an injury transformed from an inflamed red gash to smooth and flawless skin.

What we don’t appreciate is the vital role that our own natural biomolecules play in the healing process, including their contribution to the growth of new cells and the development of new blood vessels that provide nutrients to those cells. (more…)

Midwest Soil Could Take Up to Two Years to Recover from Long Drought, Says MU Researcher

By Guest PostFebruary 19, 2013Environmentabsorb, extract water, foot of snowfall, high winds, hurricane isaac, london, midwest soil, Mississippi, moisture, normal precipitation, nutrients, randall miles, recharge, recover from drought, rivers, roots of crops, runoff, two years, university of missouri

The Midwest suffered the worst drought in years last summer, and Midwest soil has been suffering from a drought since early 2010. As a result, crops have wilted and farmers have fallen on hard times. Now, a University of Missouri researcher says that it may take at least two years for crops and soil to recover.

Randall Miles, associate professor of soil science at the MU School of Natural Resources, found that soil in the Midwest is dry down to as deep as 5 feet, where the roots of the crops absorb moisture and nutrients. (more…)

Fat Cells in Abdomen Fuel Spread of Ovarian Cancer

By Guest PostNovember 4, 2011Health, Scienceabdominal cavity, breast cancer, cause of cancer deaths in women, energy dense lipids, ernst lengyel, fabp4, fat carrier, fat cells, fatty acid binding protein, fatty tissue, gastric and colon cancers, growth of ovarian cancer, healthy mice, hilary kenny, intestines, kristin nieman, nutrients, omentum, ovarian cancer, ovarian cancer cells, ovarian cancer metastasis, protein, protein signals, stomach, tumor cells, university of chicago

A large pad of fat cells that extends from the stomach and covers the intestines provides nutrients that promote the spread and growth of ovarian cancer, reports a University of Chicago-based research team in the journal Nature Medicine, published online Oct. 30.

Ovarian cancer, the fifth-leading cause of cancer deaths in women, tends to spread within the abdominal cavity as opposed to distant organs. In 80 percent of women, by the time ovarian cancer is diagnosed, it has spread to the pad of fat cells, called the omentum. Often, cancer growth in the omentum exceeds the growth of the original ovarian cancer. (more…)

WHOI Study Reports Microbes Consumed Oil in Gulf Slick at Unexpected Rates

By Guest PostAugust 4, 2011Environmentbacterial microbes, benjamin van mooy, bethanie edwards, breaking down the oil slick, catherine a carmichael, christopher m reddy, deepwater horizon spill, dilution, dispersion, evaporation, gulf of mexico, gulf waters, krista longnecker, largest oil spill in history, macondo well, metabolic potential, microbes, new cells, nitrogen, nutrients, oil consumption by the microbes, oxygen levels in water samples, oxygen optode, oxygen to create carbon dioxide and energy, phosphorus, richard camilli, sensor, state of the art methods, surface oil slick, whoi, woods hole oceanographic institution

More than a year after the largest oil spill in history, perhaps the dominant lingering question about the Deepwater Horizon spill is, “What happened to the oil?” Now, in the first published study to explain the role of microbes in breaking down the oil slick on the surface of the Gulf of Mexico, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) researchers have come up with answers that represent both surprisingly good news and a head-scratching mystery.

In research scheduled to be published in the Aug. 2 online edition of Environmental Research Letters, the WHOI team studied samples from the surface oil slick and surrounding Gulf waters. They found that bacterial microbes inside the slick degraded the oil at a rate five times faster than microbes outside the slick—accounting in large part for the disappearance of the slick some three weeks after Deepwater Horizon’s Macondo well was shut off. (more…)

River Mystery Solved

By Guest PostJune 5, 2011Environmentbacteria, biofilms, biogeochemical processes, blooms of didymo, Chile, didymo, didymo growth, didymosphenia geminata, freshwater algae, mats, microbes, microenvironment, national science foundation, new zealand, nutrients, oligotrophic, oliogotrophic streams, p v sundareshwar, phosphorus, rapid creek, rivers, rock, south dakota school of mines and technology, species, streams, tim kratz, uncommon environmental phenomena, unpolluted waterways, water bodies in the southern hemisphere

*Scientists discover how “Didymo” algae bloom in pristine waters with few nutrients*

The pristine state of unpolluted waterways may be their downfall, according to research results published in a paper this week in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.

A species of freshwater algae that lives in streams and rivers, called Didymo for Didymosphenia geminata, is able to colonize and dominate the bottoms of some of the world’s cleanest waterways–precisely because they are so clear. (more…)

Researchers Find That Pollution Forms an Invisible Barrier for Marine Life

By Guest PostMarch 18, 2011Environmentanthropogenic factors, bacteria, chemicals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, coastal areas, coastal water ecosystems, contaminants, discharge, ecosystem based management, evolutionary trajectory, heavy metals, human impacts, human stressors, jon puritz, larvae, los angeles, marine life, municipal treatment plants, nutrients, ocean, pacific coast, petroleum hydrocarbons, plankton, pollutants, population, rob toonen, sea stars, sewage, southern california bight, species, starfish, toxic, united states, urban runoff, urban runoff plumes

Over 50 percent of the population in the United States and over 60 percent in the world live in coastal areas. Rapidly growing human populations near the ocean have massively altered coastal water ecosystems.

One of the most extensive human stressors is the discharge of chemicals and pollutants into the ocean. In the Southern California Bight, more than 60 sewage and urban runoff sources discharge over 1 billion gallons of liquid on a dry day with the two largest sources of contaminants being sewage from municipal treatment plants and urban runoff from highly modified river basins. (more…)

Ants’ Ecosystem Role is ‘Key’

By Guest PostFebruary 4, 2011Natureant workers, ants, black garden ants, collembola, common red ants, density, dirk sanders, diversity, ecosystem engineers, Environment, Europe, food chain, frank van veen, grassland food web, lasius niger, myrmica rubra, nest building activity, nutrients, positive influence, predation, predators, sermany, soil, soil nutrient, uk, university of exeter

Research by the University of Exeter has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment as a result of their activity as ‘ecosystem engineers’ and predators.

The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology, found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment. (more…)

Ocean Acidification Changes Nitrogen Cycling in World Seas

By Guest PostDecember 22, 20101 commentEnvironmentacidity, ammonia oxidizers, blue whales, carbon dioxide, cheryl emiliane chow, cycle, david garrison, marine ecosystems, michael beman, microbes, nitrification, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, nutrients, ocean acidification, oceanic nitrification, oceans, organisms, proteins, sea water

*New results indicate potential to reduce certain greenhouse gas emissions from oceans to atmosphere*

Increasing acidity in the sea’s waters may fundamentally change how nitrogen is cycled in them, say marine scientists who published their findings in this week’s issue of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients in the oceans. All organisms, from tiny microbes to blue whales, use nitrogen to make proteins and other important compounds. (more…)

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